Common causes of injuries with broken bones are auto trauma, active play with other animals, fights, gunshot wounds, in cats it is catotrauma (falling into heights)

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Cauda equina syndrome is a group of pathologies that affect the nerves in the lumbosacral spine, causing pain, movement disorders, and neurological disorders. It is most common in large breeds of dogs

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Medial patella dislocation (MPD) is a common orthopedic condition in which the kneecap is displaced to the inside of the joint. It is most common in small breeds, but can affect large dogs as well

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Femoral head and neck osteotomy (FHN) is a surgical intervention to eliminate pain and improve hip joint mobility in dogs. It is most commonly used in cases of severe pathologies when conservative treatment fails

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