Medial patellar dislocation (MPD) is a common orthopedic condition in which the kneecap is displaced inside the joint. It is most common in small breeds, but can also affect large dogs.

Causes.

The main factors in the development of CFS:

• - Anatomical abnormalities - superficial furrow of the femur, curvature of the limbs.
• - Genetic predisposition - most often in Yorkshire terriers, Chihuahuas, and poodles.
• - Injuries - falls or bruises to the knee.
• - Obesity - increased stress on the joints.

Symptoms.

Dogs may show the following signs:

• - "Jumping" lameness.
• - Pain or sensitivity of the knee.
• - Curvature of the limb, crunching in the joint.
• - Limitation of mobility.

Diagnosis

To determine MVD, the following are used:

• - Examination - palpation of the knee, gait assessment.
• - X-ray - analysis of deformities and furrow depth.
• - CT, MRI - complex cases for soft tissue evaluation.

Treatment.

Therapy methods depend on the severity of the disease:

• - Conservative treatment - weight control, NSAIDs, physiotherapy.
• - Surgical intervention is necessary for severe forms (II-IV degree).
• - Postoperative care - rehabilitation, pain control.

Prevention

• - Weight control, avoidance of jumping from heights.
• - Regular examinations by a veterinarian.
• - Genetic screening before breeding. Early detection and correction will help keep your pet's joints healthy!